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Labor and delivery nurses are pivotal in supporting mothers and newborns through the birthing process, offering guidance and expert care during this delivery experience. They also care for mothers and newborns after the birth.
Take on different tasks, patients, and situations every day.
Fast-paced
React and make decisions quickly in demanding conditions.
Patient-facing
Work hands-on, directly with patients.
Structured
Follow a routine that allows you to anticipate and prepare for every situation.
High demand
This specialty is in high demand in the U.S.
What is the role of a labor and delivery nurse?
From admission to discharge, labor and delivery (L&D) nurses are there for every step of the birthing process and postpartum care. This means that L&D nurses monitor vitals of both mother and baby; track and measure contractions; proactively assess and address mothers’ needs (e.g., pain medications or other support); assist with delivery and provide care.
Since it’s hard to predict labor duration and potential postpartum challenges, L&D Nurses often form unique bonds with patients and their families, as they’re one of the most consistent points of support while in the hospital. Because of this, the best L&D nurses are compassionate and clear communicators. At a moment when everything is moving and changing at a rapid pace, it’s important for L&D nurses to be a point of stability for both patients and doctors in the room.
L&D nurses work as main points of support for OBGYNs, monitoring of patient vitals, administering medication, and establishing a trusted line of communication with expectant mothers. Once a baby is born, the L&D nurse acts as an informational resource to parents, to monitor neonatal vitals, to ensure the mother isn’t experiencing postpartum complications, and to make sure their patients are leaving their care as confident as possible.
Education
As an L&D nurse, your expertise is invaluable to new and expecting parents. It’s your job to make them feel as informed and prepared as possible for everything from labor and delivery to what to do once they walk out of those hospital doors. Be prepared to answer questions, validate emotions, and help birthing partners know how to best support their loved ones.
Evaluate
During and after labor, you’ll assess the needs of parents and how you can help them. During labor, this means maintaining a clear line of communication so you can assist mothers through their contractions, providing whatever physical, emotional or medicinal support they need. Postpartum, this means helping them with any care questions or concerns they may have, and connecting them to resources they might require, like a lactation consultant. The better you’re able to communicate with your patients, the better you’ll anticipate and evaluate their needs, so make sure to prioritize this relationship from the moment an expectant mother enters your care and trusts you with their delivery.
Innovate
As experts in various labor and delivery experiences, L&D nurses are constantly using what they learn to help their next patients. Because of this, L&D nurses are some of the top innovators when it comes to finding new ways to accommodate the experience and health of laboring mothers and their children.
Monitor
As a professional consistently in the room with expectant mothers, it’s on you to keep a close eye on vital signs, like the mother’s blood pressure, timing of contractions, and the baby’s heart rate.
Treatment
Every mother’s birth plan and birth process will vary, which means that necessary treatment differs on a case by case basis. If an epidural is part of your patient’s birth plan, you’ll be in charge of administering it. If your patient’s birth ends up needing to be induced, you’ll provide them with the medication and support. In the event of a C-section, you’ll prep them for the procedure. In short, there are many factors that play a role in how you go about treating each patient, and it’s your job as an L&D nurse to be prepared for and knowledgeable about all of them.
Where you’ll work as a labor and delivery nurse
Labor and delivery nurses work in hospitals, birthing centers, and can even assist with at-home births. In all of these settings, L&D nurses provide care for mothers and babies throughout the delivery and immediate postpartum periods.
Birthing centers: Birthing centers are healthcare facilities dedicated to a wellness-centric approach to birthing. Here, L&D nurses function as midwives or doulas, who differ from registered nurses in that they don’t require the same level of medical certifications. However, a Labor & Delivery Nurse’s skill set is applicable and valuable.
Hospitals: A large majority of L&D nurses work in hospitals. Here, you’ll have the opportunity to work in the maternity ward in delivery rooms, hospital nurseries, and neonatal care units.
Patients’ homes: Similar to their roles in birthing centers, L&D nurses can assist in home births as a midwife or doula, bringing their expertise to a home setting, and guiding mother and child through the process.
To become a Labor and Delivery Nurse, you must pass the NCLEX-RN exam and earn your license as a Registered nurse.
Work as a Registered Nurse, gaining experience in labor and delivery.
Once a licensed RN, you must gain at least one year of professional experience before being able to pursue a more specialized path.
Get your Inpatient Obstetric Nursing Certification through the National Certification Corporation.
You’re ready to work as a labor and delivery nurse!
As a labor and delivery (L&D) nurse, you’ll help care for mothers and newborns before, during, and after the birth. Your patients will look to you for information, reassurance and guidance in handling a delicate new life, new family member, and entirely new experience. It’s on you to meet their emotions with compassion, address their questions with a calm and honest attitude, monitor their pain with proper treatment and support, and prioritize the health and safety of their newborn.
$75K
How much do labor and delivery nurses make?
In the U.S., labor and delivery nurse on average make an annual salary of $75,000 according to 2026 data from Payscale.com, with salaries ranging between $56,000 - $109,000 depending on factors including location, experience and areas of specialization.
4 key attributes of a career in labor and delivery nursing
The best L&D Nnrses are those who are compassionate, clear, and attentive communicators. As an L&D nurse, you should be comfortable dealing with a broad range of emotions, addressing questions, adapting to emotional and medical challenges, and being proactive in your care approach.
It’s fast-paced
You’re expected to be able to react and make decisions quickly in demanding circumstances. Active Labor moves at varying speeds, but your ability to react in a timely manner can make a world of a difference for your patient.
It’s patient-facing
You’ll spend a lot of time with patients and their families, so it’s important to be as calm, collected, and compassionate as possible. You should be able to establish trust from the get-go so that you and your patient are able to communicate effectively, ensuring the safety of both mother and child.
It’s structured
When working in stressful situations, like labor and delivery, having a set structure to lean on allows you to be more attentive and adaptable to the situation at hand, and allows all care providers to prioritize and address the health and safety of their patients.
It’s varied
No labor and delivery process is the same, so adaptability and proactivity are essential attributes. It’s important to get as much varied experience as possible from the start, as it’ll allow you to hone your skills in communication, delivery assistance and neonatal care.
What’s the demand for labor and delivery nurses?
Labor and Delivery (L&D) Nursing is a specialty that’s in high demand. The U.S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics estimates almost 200K nursing positions to be open annually over the next decade. In 2025, the U.S. saw 3.5 million births. These factors, along with some of the areas highlighted below are likely to ensure that this specialty continues to be in demand.
Consistent need for maternal and newborn care: Childbirth is a constant in healthcare, and there is always a need for skilled nurses to assist in the labor and delivery process.
Specialized skills: L&D nursing is a specialized field, requiring specific skills and knowledge in maternal and newborn care. This specialization contributes to the steady demand for these professionals.
Aging workforce: The nursing workforce, in general, is aging, with many nurses nearing retirement. This trend is creating vacancies that need to be filled by new nurses, including those in L&D.
Healthcare expansion: As healthcare systems expand and access to healthcare improves, more facilities offering maternity services are opening or expanding, increasing the need for L&D nurses. Population Growth: In areas experiencing population growth, there is a corresponding increase in the number of births, which directly impacts the demand for L&D nurses.
Technological and medical advances: Advances in maternal and newborn care often require additional training and expertise, leading to a greater need for well-trained L&D nurses.
Emotional and physical support role: L&D nurses play a crucial role not just in the physical aspects of childbirth but also in providing emotional support and guidance to expectant mothers, a service that is increasingly recognized and valued.
The stages of childbirth care
Antepartum
Antepartum refers to the 40-week period from conception to labor. During this time, L&D nurses are responsible for monitoring both mother and baby, taking vitals, performing ultrasounds and antepartum fetal assessments, and providing support to expectant mothers unique to their individual health needs.
Intrapartum
Intrapartum refers to the period of active labor, delivery of the child, and delivery of the placenta. This is where L&D nurses step up as active members of the birthing team, supporting the mother throughout her birthing process, and assisting the doctors in the safe delivery of the baby or babies. L&D nurses need to be ready for any change in birth plan so that they can effectively care for both mother and child. This means being prepared to assist in any kind of delivery– vaginal, breech, or cesarean– troubleshoot complications, address emergency situations, and have everything set for care.
Postpartum
Postpartum care relies heavily on careful observation and communication between L&D nurses and their patients. No labor and delivery process is the same, so proper postpartum care needs to address the unique needs of each mother and child. This period can be a jarring transition for mothers, and it’s important to be an active listener and supporter, as well as an attentive caretaker. L&D nurses are relied upon to communicate the mental and physical changes that coincide with childbirth, validating the trauma that both body and mind have just been put through, and supplying or sourcing necessary support, such as lactation consultants or mental health providers.
Neonatal
Neonatal care refers to the direct care of a newborn. Because there are varying levels of neonatal care that depend on multiple factors of newborn health, this is an area in which some L&D nurses choose to pursue a more specialized skillset. These levels can cover low risk care, assisted ventilation, preterm birth and post-op care, and critical care for infants with high risk of mortality.
Labor and delivery nursing career resources
Become a member of a labor and delivery nurse organization to find career opportunities, learn from your colleagues, and support the profession.
Pediatric nurse practitioners provide care for patients from infancy through early adulthood, serving as both caregivers and educators for children and their families. In many states, they practice independently without physician oversight, often acting as primary care providers.